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6 Things to Know About Psoriatic Arthritis

January 23, 2025

If you’re managing psoriatic arthritis or noticing early signs, knowing what steps to take can make all the difference.

For expert advice, we turned to John Zawidniak, MD, a rheumatologist with the Hartford HealthCare Bone & Joint Institute. Here’s what you need to know.

1. Psoriatic arthritis affects more than just your joints.

Psoriatic arthritis does cause the immune system to attack the joints, leading to pain and swelling. But that’s not all it does.

“It isn’t just about your joints,” says Dr. Zawidniak. “Psoriatic arthritis can also affect your skin, nails and even your eyes.”

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2. Its exact cause is still unknown.

The cause of psoriatic arthritis isn’t clear, but certain factors can increase your risk.

“Genetics and family history are key risk factors, and the immune system also plays a significant role,” explains Dr. Zawidniak. “It primarily affects people with psoriasis, especially those between 30 and 50.”

3. Spotting the signs early makes a difference.

Look out for joint pain, swelling and stiffness, especially in your fingers and toes.

“Without treatment, psoriatic arthritis can lead to joint damage and disability,” explains Dr. Zawidniak. “Flare-ups are common, with triggers like infections, stress or injury often making symptoms worse.”

> Related: 6 Signs Your Hand Pain Is Arthritis

4. Diagnosis starts with your doctor.

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, perform a physical exam and review your medical history.

“They may also recommend tests like bloodwork, X-rays or MRIs to rule out other conditions and check for joint damage,” says Dr. Zawidniak.

5. Effective treatments can slow progression and ease symptoms.

Treatment depends on the stage of psoriatic arthritis.

Early on, NSAIDs (like ibuprofen and naproxen) can ease pain and inflammation. For more advanced stages, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate or sulfasalazine slow disease progression.

“As the disease progresses, stronger medications like biologics or targeted therapies may be needed,” says Dr. Zawidniak. “Physical therapy and lifestyle changes can also help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.”

6. Managing psoriatic arthritis begins with taking control.

A diagnosis doesn’t mean you can’t feel your best. There are many ways to manage your symptoms and maintain your quality of life.

Try following these tips:

• Stay active: Low-impact exercises like swimming or walking ease pain and keep joints flexible.
• Eat well: Focus on whole foods like fruits, vegetables and fish while limiting processed foods.
• Manage stress: Practices like yoga or deep breathing can help reduce flare-ups.
• Avoid triggers: Quit smoking and limit alcohol to prevent unnecessary symptom aggravation.

“Most importantly, see your doctor as soon as symptoms begin,” says Dr. Zawidniak. “Early treatment is key to preventing joint damage. With the right care and lifestyle changes, most people can enjoy a full, active life.”